Table 1 Clinical, demographic, and neuropathological characteristics by diagnosis category
From: Locus coeruleus cellular and molecular pathology during the progression of Alzheimer’s disease
Clinical Diagnosis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NCI (N = 11) | aMCI (N = 10) | AD (N = 8) | P-value | Pair-wise comparison | |
Age (years) at death: | |||||
Mean ± SD | 82.3 ± 2.9 | 85.4 ± 7.2 | 84.8 ± 2.6 | 0.3a | -- |
(Range) | (77–86) | (74–96) | (80–88) | ||
Number (%) of males: | 6 (54%) | 4 (40%) | 4 (50%) | 0.5b | -- |
Years of education: | |||||
Mean ± SD | 19.1 ± 2.1 | 17.9 ± 5.2 | 19.0 ± 2.7 | 0.9a | -- |
(Range) | (15–22) | (8–23) | (14–22) | ||
Number (%) with ApoE ε4 allele: | 3 (27%) | 2 (20%) | 3 (38%) | 0.2b | -- |
MMSE: | |||||
Mean ± SD | 27.9 ± 1.5 | 26.3 ± 2.3 | 20.0 ± 4.9 | 0.0008a | NCI > AD |
(Range) | (26–30) | (22–30) | (14–27) | ||
Global Cognitive Score: | |||||
Mean ± SD | 0.59 ± 0.3 | 0.02 ± 0.3 | −1.0 ± 0.6 | 0.0002a | NCI > (MCI, AD) |
(Range) | (−0.08–0.9) | (−0.53–0.3) | (−1.5– −0.2) | ||
Post-mortem interval (hours): | |||||
Mean ± SD | 4.9 ± 2.0 | 6.2 ± 5.2 | 4.0 ± 1.1 | 0.8a | -- |
(Range) | (2.2–8.5) | (2.0–15.0) | (2.7–5.8) | ||
Distribution of Braak scores: | |||||
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
I/II | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0.02a | NCI < AD |
III/IV | 6 | 7 | 3 | ||
V/VI | 1 | 2 | 5 | ||
NIA Reagan diagnosis (likelihood of AD): | |||||
No AD | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Low | 5 | 4 | 0 | 0.03a | (NCI, MCI) < AD |
Intermediate | 5 | 4 | 4 | ||
High | 1 | 2 | 4 | ||
CERAD diagnosis: | |||||
No AD | 3 | 4 | 0 | ||
Possible | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0.02a | (NCI, MCI) < AD |
Probable | 4 | 2 | 3 | ||
Definite | 2 | 2 | 5 | ||