Fig. 1

Staging of human brain tissue. a Infarcts and equivalent areas of brain from controls, were dissected and cut into two pieces. Each piece was allocated for histological H&E staining and staging, or multiplex immunoassay. b Representative images of staging criteria. (i) Normal control tissue, (ii) acute infarct with eosinophilic neurons clearly distinguishable. Some neuronal nuclei also display evidence of pyknosis and karyorrhexis (arrows). (iii) Lesion at the stage of liquefactive necrosis, demonstrated by the presence of foamy macrophages. (iv) Lesion at the stage of cystic encephalomalacia, evidenced by the presence of reactive astrocytes (an example is shown in the box) and a network of glial fibers. Scale bar, 50 μm